Kubernetes集群搭建

环境说明

操作系统：CentOS7.4 64bit 软件版本：kubernetes-v1.9.6、etcd-v3.2.18、flannel-v0.10.0 下载地址：

https://dl.k8s.io/v1.9.6/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.9.6/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.18/etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

节点分布：

10.0.0.2 Master (kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,flannel)
10.0.0.3 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)
10.0.0.4 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)
10.0.0.5 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)

注意：为了能通过k8s-master:8080 proxy api方式k8s dashboard，Master也安装flannel。

证书生成

kubernetes系统的各组件需要使用 TLS 证书对通信进行加密，本文档使用CloudFlare的 PKI 工具集 cfssl 来生成 Certificate Authority (CA) 和其它证书； 生成的 CA 证书和秘钥文件如下：

k8s-root-ca-key.pem
k8s-root-ca.pem
kubernetes-key.pem
kubernetes.pem
kube-proxy.pem
kube-proxy-key.pem
admin.pem
admin-key.pem

使用证书的组件如下：

etcd：使用 k8s-root-ca.pem、kubernetes-key.pem、kubernetes.pem；
kube-apiserver：使用 k8s-root-ca.pem、kubernetes-key.pem、kubernetes.pem；
kubelet：使用k8s-root-ca.pem；
kube-proxy：使用k8s-root-ca.pem、kube-proxy-key.pem、kube-proxy.pem；
kubectl：使用k8s-root-ca.pem、admin-key.pem、admin.pem；

SSL工具下载：

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/{cfssl,cfssljson,cfssl-certinfo}

创建kubernetes目录用户存放证书和配置文件：

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl

注意：之后证书相关目录都在/etc/kubernetes/ssl 在Master节点上创建cfssl所需的json文件： admin-csr.json

{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

k8s-gencert.json

{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "87600h"
      }
    }
  }
}

k8s-root-ca-csr.json

{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

kube-proxy-csr.json

{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

kubernetes-csr.json 注意： hosts字段不支持网段及正则写法，所以尽量预留IP,建议整个网段，如：10.0.0.2～254；可通过如下脚本生成一段IP地址。

for ID in `seq 2 254`; do echo \ \ \ \ \"10.0.0.$ID\",; done

172.8.0.1为内部services api地址；172.8.0.2为内部services dns地址 172.8.0.0/24网段也可预留多个地址

{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "172.8.0.1",
      "172.8.0.2",
      "10.0.0.2",
      "10.0.0.3",
      "10.0.0.4",
      "10.0.0.5",
           ...
      "10.0.0.254",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "ST": "ShangHai",
            "L": "ShangHai",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}

生成CA证书和私钥

cd /etc/kubernetes/ssl
cfssl gencert -initca k8s-root-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare k8s-root-ca

生成kubernetes,admin,kube-proxy证书和私钥

cd /etc/kubernetes/ssl
for targetName in kubernetes admin kube-proxy; do cfssl gencert --ca k8s-root-ca.pem --ca-key k8s-root-ca-key.pem --config k8s-gencert.json --profile kubernetes $targetName-csr.json | cfssljson --bare $targetName; done

分发证书和私钥至所有服务器

scp *.pem 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp *.pem 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp *.pem 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/ssl

etcd集群搭建

hosts绑定，/etc/hosts

10.0.0.3 etcd01
10.0.0.4 etcd02
10.0.0.5 etcd03

将etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压到三台服务器/usr/local/bin/{etcd,etcdctl} 三台服务器创建etcd数据目录：

mkdir -p /data/etcd

10.0.0.3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
--name=etcd01 \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2380 \
--listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2380 \
--listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2379 \
--initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \
--initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--data-dir=/data/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

10.0.0.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
--name=etcd02 \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2380 \
--listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2380 \
--listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2379 \
--initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \
--initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--data-dir=/data/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

10.0.0.5:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
--name=etcd03 \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2380 \
--listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2380 \
--listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2379 \
--initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \
--initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--data-dir=/data/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

三台服务器分别启动命令

systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd

验证健康状态

etcdctl  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  cluster-health

显示cluster is healthy即etcd集群正常

flannel网络配置

将flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压到4台（即所有节点，包括Master、Node）服务器/usr/local/bin/{flanneld,mk-docker-opts.sh} flanneld配置文件/etc/kubernetes/flannel

# Flanneld configuration options  


# etcd url location.  Point this to the server where etcd runs
ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379"

# etcd config key.  This is the configuration key that flannel queries
# For address range assignment
ETCD_PREFIX="/kubernetes/network"

# Any additional options that you want to pass
FLANNEL_OPTIONS="-etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem -etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem -iface=eth0"

flanneld启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service

[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
After=etcd.service
Before=docker.service
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/flannel
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/docker-network
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/flanneld \
  -etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
  -etcd-prefix=${ETCD_PREFIX} \
  $FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/usr/local/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -d /run/flannel/docker
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service

在etcd中创建网络配置

etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 \
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  mkdir /kubernetes/network
etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 \
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  mk /kubernetes/network/config '{"Network":"172.7.0.0/16","SubnetLen":24,"Backend":{ "Type": "vxlan", "VNI": 1 }}'

flannel启动命令

systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl start flanneld

验证etcd中创建的网络配置

etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 \
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  get /kubernetes/network/config


etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 \
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  ls /kubernetes/network/subnets

docker-ce安装

注意Node节点安装docker，hub.linuxeye.com为内网私有参考，建议使用vmware harhor

wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce

修改/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target


[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry hub.linuxeye.com --data-root=/data/docker --log-opt max-size=1024m --log-opt max-file=10 $DOCKER_OPTS
ExecStartPost=/sbin/iptables -I FORWARD -s 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改docker.service后执行

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker

注意：docker在flannel之后启动

Kubeconfig生成

在10.0.0.2 Master节点上将kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压中文件放到/usr/local/bin kubeconfig文件记录k8s集群的各种信息，对集群构建非常重要。

kubectl命令行工具从~/.kube/config，即kubectl的kubeconfig文件中获取访问kube-apiserver的地址，证书和用户名等信息
kubelet/kube-proxy等在Node上的程序进程同样通过bootstrap.kubeconfig和kube-proxy.kubeconfig上提供的认证与授权信息与Master进行通讯

请在Master上执行，即10.0.0.2 Kubectl kubeconfig 生成的文件在~/.kube/config下声明kube apiserver

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}

设置客户端认证参数

kubectl config set-credentials admin \
  --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem

设置上下文参数

kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=admin

设置默认上下文

kubectl config use-context kubernetes

Kubelet kubeconfig 声明kube apiserver

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置客户端认证参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置上下文参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置默认上下文

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

Kube-proxy kubeconfig 生成Token认证文件

cd /etc/kubernetes
cat > token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

声明kube apiserver

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置客户端认证参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置上下文参数

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置默认上下文

cd /etc/kubernetes
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

分发kubeconfig文件将生成的kubeconfig分发到所有Node机器的/etc/kubernetes

scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig


scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig


scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

Master搭建

通用配置文件/etc/kubernetes/config

###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
#   kube-apiserver.service
#   kube-controller-manager.service
#   kube-scheduler.service
#   kubelet.service
#   kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true"
# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.2:8080"

kube apiserver配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver

###
## kubernetes system config
##
## The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
##
#
## The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=10.0.0.2 --bind-address=10.0.0.2 --insecure-bind-address=10.0.0.2"
#
## The port on the local server to listen on.
#KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
#
## Port minions listen on
#KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
#
## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379"
#
## Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=172.8.0.0/16"
#
## default admission control policies
#KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=ServiceAccount,NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota"
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction"
#
## Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS=" --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
                --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
                --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 \
                --kubelet-https=true \
                --service-node-port-range=30000-65000 \
                --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \
                --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
                --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
                --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
                --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem \
                --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
                --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
                --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
                --enable-swagger-ui=true \
                --apiserver-count=3 \
                --audit-log-maxage=30 \
                --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
                --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
                --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log \
                --event-ttl=1h"

kube apiserver启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Service
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
After=etcd.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
        $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
        $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
        $KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS \
        $KUBE_API_ADDRESS \
        $KUBE_API_PORT \
        $KUBELET_PORT \
        $KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
        $KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES \
        $KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL \
        $KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=15
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-controller-manager配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager

###
# The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager
# defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=10.0.0.2 \
                              --service-cluster-ip-range=172.8.0.0/16 \
                              --cluster-cidr=172.7.0.0/16 \
                              --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
                              --cluster-name=kubernetes \
                              --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
                              --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem  \
                              --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem \
                              --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
                              --leader-elect=true"

kube-controller-manager启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
        $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
        $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
        $KUBE_MASTER \
        $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-scheduler配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler

###
# kubernetes scheduler config
# default config should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--leader-elect=true \
                     --address=10.0.0.2"

kube-scheduler启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
            $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
            $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
            $KUBE_MASTER \
            $KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启用服务

systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl start kube-scheduler

Node搭建

kubelet 创建bootstrap 角色及绑定(10.0.0.2 Master上执行)

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
  --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap

注意：之后操作在所有Node节点执行通用配置文件/etc/kubernetes/config

###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
#   kube-apiserver.service
#   kube-controller-manager.service
#   kube-scheduler.service
#   kubelet.service
#   kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true"
# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.2:8080"

关闭SWAP

swapoff -a #不关闭kubelet启动会报错

创建存放kubelet数据目录

mkdir -p /data/kubelet

kubelet配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

###
## kubernetes kubelet (minion) config
#
## The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces)
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=10.0.0.3"
#
## The port for the info server to serve on
#
## You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=10.0.0.3"
#
## pod infrastructure container
KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=hub.linuxeye.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest"
#
## Add your own!
KUBELET_ARGS="--cluster-dns=172.8.0.2 \
              --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
              --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig \
              --require-kubeconfig \
              --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \
              --cluster-domain=cluster.local. \
              --hairpin-mode promiscuous-bridge \
              --serialize-image-pulls=false \
              --container-runtime=docker \
              --register-node \
              --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem \
              --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem \
              --root-dir=/data/kubelet"

kubelet启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/local/binkubelet \
            $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
            $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
            $KUBELET_API_SERVER \
            $KUBELET_ADDRESS \
            $KUBELET_PORT \
            $KUBELET_HOSTNAME \
            $KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
            $KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER \
            $KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

kubelet启动命令

systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet

kube-proxy 安装依赖包

yum install -y conntrack-tools

kube-proxy配置文件/etc/kubernetes/proxy

###
# kubernetes proxy config
# default config should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_PROXY_ARGS="--bind-address=10.52.7.56 \
                 --hostname-override=10.52.7.56 \
                 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig \
                 --cluster-cidr=172.7.0.0/16"

kube-proxy启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \
        $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
        $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
        $KUBE_MASTER \
        $KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-proxy启动命令

systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl start kube-proxy

验证Node是否正常在10.0.0.2 Master上运行，状态为Ready即正常，否则请检查整个安装过程

kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
10.0.0.0.2   Ready     <none>    1m        v1.9.6

DashBoard搭建

请在10.0.0.2 Master节点操作，yaml文件参考：https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-state-metrics/tree/master/kubernetes kube-state-metrics.yaml

kubectl apply -f kube-state-metrics.yaml

kube-state-metrics-deploy.yaml

kubectl apply -f kube-state-metrics-deploy.yaml

dashboard yaml文件可参考： https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 特别注意cert证书、docker image地址，以下yaml是去掉证书部分。 dashboard-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

dashboard-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090

dashboard-controller.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
      annotations:
        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: dashboard
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: hub.linuxeye.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
            memory: 2000Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 1000m
            memory: 2000Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      tolerations:
      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
        operator: "Exists"

应用dashboard yaml文件

kubectl apply -f dashboard-rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f dashboard-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f dashboard-controller.yaml

验证dashboard运行状况

kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP           NODE
kube-state-metrics-7859f12bfb-k22m9     2/2       Running   0          19h       172.7.17.2   10.0.0.2
kubernetes-dashboard-745998bbd4-n9dfd   1/1       Running   0          18h       172.7.17.3   10.0.0.2

一直Running状态即正常，否则可能有问题，可用如下命令查看报错：

kubectl logs kubernetes-dashboard-745998bbd4-n9dfd -n kube-system

最后来一张kubernetes-dashboard UI 通过Master api proxy访问UI，即http://10.0.0.2:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/proxy/

参考：https://blog.linuxeye.cn/458.html

转载请保留固定链接： https://linuxeye.com/Linux/kubernetes.html

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